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ubuntu_22.04_with_cinnamon_desktop_setup_guide [12/26/2022 16:20] – [Configuring the BIOS] crowetic | ubuntu_22.04_with_cinnamon_desktop_setup_guide [05/08/2023 04:26] (current) – gfactor | ||
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- | =====Ubuntu 22.04 Installation and Setup Guide===== | + | The page has moved to: [[Ubuntu 22.04 With Cinnamon Desktop |
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- | Hello Qortians! This guide is for installation of Ubuntu 22.04 with Cinnamon Desktop Environment and a bunch of custom configurations by crowetic to setup everything necessary for Qortal, and automate as much as possible. | + | |
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- | **IF YOU ARE GOING TO BE INSTALLING UBUNTU ON THE CURRENT COMPUTER YOU'RE USING, YOU WILL NEED TO SKIP THE BIOS CONFIGURATION UNTIL AFTER YOU HAVE DOWNLOADED THE UBUNTU 22.04 INSTALLATION MEDIA, AND BURNED IT TO A FLASH DRIVE, YOU WILL ALSO WANT TO BACKUP YOUR PERSONAL FILES, QORTAL WALLET BACKUP, DOCUMENTS, PICTURES, AND ANYTHING ELSE YOU NEED FROM YOUR COMPUTER TO ANOTHER HARD DRIVE. IDEALLY YOU WILL HAVE AN EXTERNAL HDD TO BACKUP FILES, AND A FLASH DRIVE FOR WRITING THE UBUNTU INSTALLATION MEDIA. WE DO NOT TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANYONE FOLLOWING THIS GUIDE AND NOT READING THOROUGHLY, AND LOSING PERSONAL DATA OR THEIR QORTAL BACKUP FILE. MAKE SURE YOU BACKUP THINGS FIRST!** | + | |
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- | This guide will also include **customizations** to make Ubuntu look/feel **like Windows** so that it will be an EASY SWITCH for users. | + | |
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- | It is crowetic' | + | |
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- | Hope you enjoy the guide and it helps you to get your computer setup in an **optimal fashion** that is **safer, faster, and more secure** than you current installation. | + | |
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- | ====Configuring the BIOS==== | + | |
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- | Any good base-level setup guide includes starting at the lowest possible level. In our case, this means sarting **in the BIOS**. For those that are not aware, the BIOS is where the pre-OS configuration for the computer takes place, and it is where you can enable and disable motherboard settings, and other low level options. | + | |
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- | **All BIOS are different** - this makes walking through EXACT configuration essentially not fully possible in this guide, however, I CAN give a ' | + | |
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- | For the purposes of this guide, I am doing the configuration and installation on a Dell Latitude 7370 laptop, Desktops and Laptops are also fairly different when it comes to what is available in the BIOS, however certain options are at least similar. | + | |
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- | ===Disabling Nonsense=== | + | |
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- | There are multiple things in the BIOS (especially newer machines) that are completely UNNECESSARY. These are things that should simply be DISABLED with prejudice! They include but are not limited to **Intel Management Engine, computrace** (which only functions in Windows, so is not AS important in terms of this guide), **and TPM.** | + | |
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- | The above settings are generally found in the **Security** section of the BIOS, and you should be able to go into each one and DISABLE them. **note** - many machines do not have a direct link to the Intel Management Engine settings, so if you don't see it then it's possible that the settings are not there, or are in a separate section of the BIOS (like pushing another key to access them during boot.) You will have to do a little looking around in order to find them. If you can't, don't worry, disable what you can of the above, and move on. | + | |
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- | ===Disabling ' | + | |
- | (this is OPTIONAL and avoids certain other configuration that would be needed) | + | |
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- | Secure Boot is supposedly meant to ' | + | |
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- | There are also options with Secure Boot to 'clear keys' - You CAN do this first, but if you're going to disable it, it doesn' | + | |
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- | ===UEFI VS ' | + | |
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- | There are TWO boot ' | + | |
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- | Some machines have ' | + | |
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- | (UEFI mode is ' | + | |
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- | ===Setting Boot Sequence=== | + | |
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- | When in UEFI boot, if after your installation completes your machine doesn' | + | |
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- | ===Other BIOS Settings=== | + | |
- | (Optional configuration, | + | |
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- | - Virtual Machine Settings - enable all VM options (this is for if you decide | + | |
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- | - CPU configuration - enable HyperThreading and TurboBoost | + | |
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- | - Battery Configuration - I generally keep this on ' | + | |
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- | I think that's about it for the BIOS/UEFI configuration. Next, we'll move on to the actual OS installation. | + | |
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- | ====Installing Ubuntu 22.04==== | + | |
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- | **SKIP TO THIS SECTION FIRST IF YOU'RE INSTALLING ON THE SAME COMPUTER YOU'RE USING TO CREATE THE INSTALLATION MEDIA. DOWNLOAD AND CREATE THE MEDIA FIRST, THEN DO THE ABOVE BIOS CONFIGURATION** | + | |
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- | Now that we've gotten the BIOS/UEFI configuration out of the way, we can boot to a USB flash drive with Ubuntu 22.04 installer on it, and install the OS. | + | |
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- | **Download Ubuntu 22.04 Desktop Installation ISO** - You can go here... https:// | + | |
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- | (In this guide, I will assume that you have a **Windows Computer** that you are going to use to create the installation media. If you are using a computer that does NOT have windows, you will need to use another tool to write the installation media to your flash drive.) | + | |
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- | **Download Rufus for Windows** - this tool is used to write the Ubuntu 22.04 installer to the flash drive, so that it will be BOOTABLE and you can use it to boot/ | + | |
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- | Once you have **downloaded both the Ubuntu ISO and Rufus**, you will **run Rufus** - in the Rufus options, you will see a button to **Browse** for an **ISO image**. Use this button and find the Ubuntu 22.04 ISO you downloaded. Then create the bootable Ubuntu installation disk. This will take a few minutes. | + | |
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- | **Once you have the bootable flash drive** connect it to your computer, and **restart**. BEFORE The OS boots, you will push either the 'boot options' | + | |
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- | Normally, and on the Dell machine I'm using, 'boot options' | + | |
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- | Generally though, what I do, is **do the BIOS/UEFI configuration above at the same time as setting the boot sequence to include USB flash drive** - The BIOS/UEFI will only SHOW the flash drive as an option, if the drive is CONNECTED when the machine is powered on. | + | |
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- | If you do what I do, once you exit with config changes made, it will automatically boot to the USB drive. If you choose **' | + | |
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- | You will then be presented with a menu that says **Try or Install Ubuntu** and you will select that option, at which point it will boot into a **Live Install version of Ubuntu**. This **live install** will include the option to ' | + | |
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- | ===Ubuntu Installation Wizard=== | + | |
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- | The Ubuntu installation wizard is pretty straightforward, | + | |
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- | At first, it will ask you to connect to a wireless network if you're not already connected via LAN. If you aren't connected via LAN, simply connect via Wifi. Then it will ask you if you want to ' | + | |
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- | When you get to the window for disk setup, you will choose **Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu** to perform a full format/ | + | |
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- | Once you have gotten through the basic steps of the install wizard, it should handle itself from there. When complete, it will pop up a dialog box that says **restart to finish installation**. Click OK and restart the machine. It will then say **remove installation media and press ENTER**, do that, and machine will reboot. | + | |
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- | At this point, it SHOULD **boot into Ubuntu** - if it does NOT, then you may have to change your boot settings as mentioned above in the UEFI settings portion. Depending on which mode you installed in, you will need to potentially add a **UEFI boot option.** But in most cases, the machine **SHOULD boot into Ubuntu.** | + | |
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- | ====Installing Software and Configuring Ubuntu==== | + | |
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- | **Congratulations! You now have Ubuntu Installed** - Now we simply need to **install some software** so that Qortal and the Qortal UI will run correctly, and **configure Ubuntu** for look and feel, and **theme** so that everything works, looks, and feels exactly the way we would like it to. | + | |
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- | ===Using crowetic' | + | |
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- | This script will setup all the base level dependencies for Qortal and Qortal UI, install Qortal and Qortal UI, setup a few images on the machine, and a few automation scripts, and configure cron to use the automation scripts. | + | |
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- | **Download the ' | + | |
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- | < | + | |
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- | The above command will **download and run the script** for you. It will ask you to **input password** - go ahead and **put in your password you set during installation for your user** and push **ENTER**. | + | |
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- | The script will then **install everything for you** including Qortal, the UI, all base level packages, Chromium Browser, | + | |
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- | Simply **wait for this to complete**. When it is completed, it will **automatically restart your machine**. | + | |
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- | ===Using Cinnamon Desktop instead of default Unity nonsense=== | + | |
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- | Once your machine has rebooted, you will need to modify the Desktop Environment, | + | |
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- | When you get to the LOGIN screen, **click your username** then STOP there. **before entering your password and logging in, click the settings icon at the bottom right.** This settings icon is where you **change the desktop environment.** Change it to **Cinnamon**, | + | |
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- | *NOTE* - If you are on a **laptop** and using the **touchpad** during the 'click your username' | + | |
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- | ====Ubuntu Settings Configuration==== | + | |
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- | **Configuring Desktop** | + | |
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- | Right click the desktop and click ' | + | |
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- | Click **desktop settings** and turn on all of the desktop icons you prefer, I usually do all except ' | + | |
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- | **Right click on Qortal UI** - click the icon that is currently blank, and browse for - pictures - qortal.ico (this was downloaded with the script) - select that icon to use for the Qortal UI. | + | |
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- | **Right click the Desktop** again, and click **' | + | |
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- | **arrange the desktop icons** with **Qortal top left**, and **Qortal UI to the right of that.** | + | |
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- | Put trash icon bottom right, about 2 inches from the bottom (as the Qortal logo will be in bottom right corner, we want trash icon above that for ease of visibility.) | + | |
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- | The **rebuilt-machine.sh** script that was utilized above, also includes with it a text file that is placed **on the desktop** - this file includes a few other settings that should be modified if the user wishes the machines to be EXACTLY like the ones setup by CHD. | + | |
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- | **Configuring Menu** | + | |
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- | The ' | + | |
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- | Since we have already created the **Desktop Launcher** for the **Qortal Core** (and subsequently told it upon creation to also create a launcher in the ' | + | |
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- | However, we have not yet created the **Qortal UI** menu launcher. In order to do this, simply do the following. | + | |
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- | -**Right click** the menu and click ' | + | |
- | -In the window that comes up find ' | + | |
- | -In the Menu tab, click ' | + | |
- | -In the menu editor, click the ' | + | |
- | -Click '**add item**' | + | |
- | -**Name** your launcher ' | + | |
- | -Browse for the **qortal.ico** file in your **Pictures** folder, **add that**. | + | |
- | -**Browse** for the **Qortal UI** AppImage **this will just be called ' | + | |
- | -**Click OK** | + | |
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- | You will now have **both launchers** in both the **menu and on the desktop** and will be able to **click the menu** and **search for Qortal** to find either. | + | |
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- | **Another thing** that I like to do, is to **add both of these to favorites** so that they show up on the left side of the menu when clicked. To do this **click the menu and type ' | + | |
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- | That's it, now you have launchers configured, favorites for Qortal and Qortal UI, and a fully configured Desktop that is very similar in functionality to Windows, but MUCH MORE SECURE. | + | |
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- | There are a few other visual settings that I will go over in the next section of the guide, but the majority is now completed. Enjoy your **AWESOME NEW LINUX DESKTOP SETUP** that is **fully customized to run and automate Qortal!** | + | |
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- | ====Ubuntu Power Settings==== | + | |
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- | In order for the Qortal Core to run ALL THE TIME no matter what, we will need to configure a few of the **default power settings** on the machine. We will want to **disable sleep** and **disable any action when laptop lid is closed**. In order to do this, **click the menu and type ' | + | |
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- | Open Power Management, and make sure **sleep is fully disabled** - ' | + | |
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- | Make sure you do this for **both plugged in AND battery settings** (if you're doing this setup on a laptop with a battery, it will have a duplicate set of options for battery as it does for plugged in, ensure that both of these are configured as described above.) | + | |
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- | ====Ubuntu Visual Settings==== | + | |
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- | **Desktop** | + | |
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- | Make sure that ' | + | |
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- | **Menu** - Set the various icon sizes slightly larger for ease of use. I generally set the ' | + | |
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- | **Text editor** | + | |
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- | The text editor has strange default configuration that I find annoying. I generally go into ' | + | |
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- | **Terminal** | + | |
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- | The terminal also has a default setting that makes the terminal window too small, in my opinion, so I modify that. **open a terminal** and go to **edit - preferences** and make the following changes. **default window size** should be set to a larger size, I generally set it to 135x35. Also, the default colors of the terminal aren't as visually appealing, so I **modify the colors** to **solarized** at the bottom of the ' | + | |
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- | **Ubuntu Themes** | + | |
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- | In order to TRULY **make the machine' | + | |
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- | **Click the Menu, and type ' | + | |
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- | This will update the list first, then show you the available free themes from Ubuntu and its theme community. | + | |
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- | We want to find **3 specific themes** that will be utilized for **our custom overall theme**. | + | |
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- | Those 3 themes are - **' | + | |
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- | Click the **download button** (little downward-facing arrow) to **install these 3 themes**. | + | |
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- | Once you HAVE them, **go back to the main ' | + | |
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- | **Window borders** - set this to **Adapta-Nokto** | + | |
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- | **Icons** - set to ' | + | |
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- | **Controls** - set to ' | + | |
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- | **Mouse Pointer** - set to **' | + | |
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- | **Desktop** - set to **Windows-10** | + | |
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- | That's it, now you should have a BEAUTIFUL and EASY to USE overall GUI theme for your machine. There is only **ONE FINAL THING** that truly **sets it off** and makes it look **awesome!** This is the **custom Menu Button and label**. | + | |
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- | **Customizing Menu Button and Label** | + | |
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- | For this **finishing touch** we will **right click the menu** and click **configure**, | + | |
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- | **Icon** - **Browse** to your **Pictures** and find the **blue-gray-menu-button.png** file, select that. | + | |
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- | **Icon Size** - Set the icon size to **40**. | + | |
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- | **Text** - Set text to say ' | + | |
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- | **THAT' | + | |
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- | I will continue updating this guide as necessary as time goes on, and I will also include pictures for the settings configuration to make it as easy as possible for all learning types. Eventually I will also consider doing a full 'setup video' guide as well. | + | |
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- | Hope this helps you to have an AWESOME, SECURE, and VISUALLY APPEALING computer for your Qortal Node! | + | |
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